题目：Synthesis and Application of Nanoporous Materials
报告人：Prof . Stefan Kaskel 德国德累斯顿工业大学
时间：9月3日（星期二）下午 2:00
地点：材料楼210报告厅
【个人简介】
Stefan Kaskel is a Professor and Chair of Inorganic Chemistry Department at Dresden University of Technology. He received a Ph.D. in Inorganic Chemistry from University Tübingen in 1997. 1998-2000, he is a Feodor Lynen Fellow of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in Iowa State University; 2000-2004, he is a group leader in Max-Planck-Institute for Kohlenforschung; He became a full professor of Inorganic Chemistry at TUD in 2004. From 2008, He is also a head of the CVD and thin film department at Fraunhofer Institute Material and Beam Technology.
His current research interest focuses on synthesis and application of porous materials, including Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), Zeolites, Ordered Mesoporous Materials, Gas storage, Heterogeneous catalysis, et al.
Prof. Kaskel has published more than 200 journal papers in Nature Commun, Angew Chem, J Am Chem Soc, Adv Mater, Small, Chem Mater, et al. Currently, Prof. Kaskel is a board member of “Journal of Materials Chemistry”, the coordinator of the DFG priority program “Porous Metal-Organic Frameworks” and “Functional Nanostructured Materials”. Also, He is a member of the scientific reference committee of the AvH.
【报告摘要】
In recent years, exciting developments have pushed the limits of materials performance to ever higher surface areas up to 7000 m2/g and pore sizes unattained so far in traditional porous solids such as zeolites or activated carbons. The rational design of porous materials using well defined building blocks (clusters) and linkers in the case of Metal-Organic Frameworks is now a tool-box, initially only aiming at well defined pore sizes in a crystalline structure but now more and more focussing on further refining the interior pore structure by post-functionalization or the introduction of specific linker molecules with well defined functionality.
Due to the extremely high gas uptake of novel porous materials they are recently discussed in energy storage applications for hydrogen storage and natural gas in mobile and stationary applications. While hydrogen is only stored to a significant degree at cryogenic temperatures, natural gas can be stored at room temperature in porous materials. Examples are the mesoporous MOFs DUT-6, -9 and -23 (DUT = Dresden University of Technology) with specific surface area up to 4850 m2/g and very high capacity for methane and hydrogen storage while DUT-9 consists of Ni-clusters with open accessible sites and extremely high CO2 adsorption capacity.
By using chiral functionality in three-dimensional porous systems, enantioselective catalysts and separation are obtained with well defined pore structure. A unique feature of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is the occurrence of flexible behaviour causing the so called gate effect. Such solids show structural transformations at well defined gas pressure associated with giant gas uptake due to pore opening, a feature that is not observed for traditional porous solids such as zeolites and activated carbons.
Today a wide variety of materials from soft polymers to hard ceramics is available with high specific surface areas unattained so far and ordered pore structures. In the carbide-to-carbon transformation porous carbides can be now converted into carbon superadsorbers (CDC) with an inner surface area as high as 3000 m2/g. They are promising components in electrical energy storage in so called supercapacitors or battery systems.